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Basketry is an ancient craft found nearly all over
the world. The earliest archaeological evidence comes from
7000-year-old sites in the Near East. There are only two basic
techniques known, weaving and sewing, but each has many possible
variations. In southern Africa, sewn work on a straight or coiled
foundation is the more commonly used technique, with decorative
effects being obtained by variations in technique or the introduction
of colours. The most important materials used are sedge, palm leaf,
grasses and creepers. People across southern Africa have developed
these techniques and materials to create beautiful and useful fabrics
and containers whose shapes are adapted to their functions. Since the
mid-20th century, however, basketry has declined due to the ready
availability of metal and plastic utensils. In some parts of southern
Africa the promotion of home industries has revitalized the craft of
basketry for the production of fine work that can compete successfully
on the world market.
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